黄土高原植被耗水特征研究进展

Progress of Study on Characteristics of Water Consumption of Vegetation in Loess Plateau

黄土高原植被耗水特征是确定植物空间配置及植被恢复目标的重要依据。通过对有关研究成果的分析认为,黄土高原植被耗水特征主要有:①干旱区植被耗水量明显低于其他区域,其他区域间植被耗水量差异不明显;②供水量是影响植被耗水量的重要因素,干旱区丰水年植被耗水量可达欠水年的3倍以上;③黄土区林地总耗水量与植被生物量无关,蒸腾耗水量与植被生物量呈正相关关系;④植被建设应以降雨量为主要依据,以植被蒸腾耗水量达到降雨量的60%以上为宜。

Water consumption character of vegetation is an important basis for vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau. The main characteristics are a) vegetation water consumption of arid area is smaller than other area dramatically and the difference is much smaller among residual area; b) water supply is an important factor for vegetation water consumption, the water consumption in a wet year could be 3 times bigger than that in the dry year; c) vegetation biomass has no relation with the total water consumption and is closely related with transpiration and; d) vegetation restoration should be based on precipitation and vegetation transpiration should be 60% ~ 120% of precipitation.