流行性喘憋性肺炎病原与合胞病毒抗原亚型的研究

ETIOLOGICAL STUDY ON AN OUTBREAK OF EPIDEMIC ASTHMATIC PNEUMONIA IN HEBEI PROVINCE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS SUBTYPE

1992年春河北省发生了一次婴幼儿流行性喘憋性肺炎(简称流喘肺炎)的暴发流行。流行波及7个地区,40余个县,住院患儿逾万例。我们于1992年1月7～17日从13个(市)县医院采用床边接种分离患儿咽拭子标本69例,成功地分离到18株呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV),阳性率为26.1％。经8株RSV亚型特异性单克隆抗体鉴定均属RSVA亚型。67例患儿单份血清经ELISA检出RSV IgM阳性22例,阳性率为32.8％。研究结果不仅为国内首次直接从流行现场分离到RSV,而且也是国内首次对导致流喘肺炎的RSV进行了抗原分型,这为今后进一步对RSV防治研究提供了依据。

An etiological study was conducted on an outbreak of epidemic asthmatic pneumonia in Hebei Province in the spring. 1992. More than ten thousand patients were hospitalized in about 40 counties. Out of 69 throat swab specimens from hospitalized patients in 13 counties, 18 strains of repiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were isolated; the positive rate was 26.1%. All these strains were RSV subtype A as identified by 8 strains of subtype specific monoclonal antibodies. RSV specific IgM was detected in 22 seum specimens from 67 patients, the positive rate was 32.8%. This is the first report from China that RSV was isolated from the patients with epidemic asthmatic pneumonia and that RSV subtype A was the etiological agent in the outbreak.