加压水介质耐μs级高电压击穿实验研究

Investigation of high electrical breakdown for pressurized water dielectric with microsecond charging

采用水介质同轴电极实验装置,开展了μs级充电加压水介质击穿实验研究,并对实验结果进行了分析和讨论,结果表明在水介质正电极击穿类型的实验中,常压下水介质击穿场强与Martin公式吻合。加压水介质击穿场强随静压的增加而增加,其场强增幅与Mirza定性理论场强增幅的相对差别在5%以内。根据实验结果推导出了更为准确的水介质击穿场强随静压变化的关系式。对水介质加压,将压缩电极表面气泡,减少气泡数目,从而可以提高水介质耐高电压击穿能力。

By means of a coaxial apparatus, a high electrical breakdown experiment for pressurized water dielectric with microsecond charging was carried out. The experimental results were presented and analyzed. The conclusions are as follows: (1) breakdown for water dielectric initiates at the positive electrode; (2) observed breakdown stress at constant pressure is in good agreement with Martin formula; (3) primary mechanism to improve electrical breakdown strength for pressurized water dielectric is that, bubbles on the surface of electrodes is compressed by pressurization and the number of the bubbles is reduced.