生物表面活性剂产生菌的筛选及表面活性剂稳定性研究

Isolation of biosurfactant-producing microorganisms and their stability.

大庆油田油泥样品经富集培养,平板分离,获得52株菌.排油性实验和表面张力测定表明,菌株B22、B24、B25产生的表面活性剂表面活性稳定,表面张力较低.温度、pH和NaCl浓度实验证实,细菌B22产生的生物表面活性剂可耐受120℃高温,另2种生物表面活性剂可耐受80℃;3种细菌生物表面活性剂对pH有广泛适应性,B22 pH适应范围为4.0～13.0,B24、B25的pH适应范围为2.0～13.0;Na-Cl浓度对表面活性剂的生物活性影响不大.将3株菌的生物表面活性剂用于室内油泥处理实验,72 h石油去除率达70%以上.

52 biosurfactant-producing microorganisms were isolated with the methods of enrichment culture and plate cultivation from oil sludge of Daqing Oil Field.Experiments of oil displacement activity and surface tension showed that the three strains (including B 22,B 24 and B 25) had high surface activity and low surface tension.The analysis of physico-chemical properties indicated that the biosurfactant produced by B 22 could bear high temperature up to 120 ℃,while the other two could bear 80 ℃.The three biosurfactants had a wide adaptability to pH.B 22 had a wide adaptable pH range of 4.0～13.0,while that of B 24 and B 25 was 2.0～13.0.NaCl concentration had no obvious effect on the biological activity of the biosurfactants.Employing the 3 strains biosurfactants to treat oil sludge,more than 70% of the oil was removed after 72 h.