片断森林植物多样性及其保护和恢复价值

Plant species diversity of fragmented forests and their values for conservation and restoration.

森林片断化是导致生物多样性丧失最严重的单一因素。在片断森林中植物多样性除与片断面积有关外,还受边缘效应、瞬时取样效应、驰豫效应、远距离扩散的挽救效应以及背景生态系统的性质等影响。本文阐述了在这些综合因素影响下,片断森林中植物种类、丰富、性质的变化。由于这些综合因素的影响,不少片断森林尚有较高的保护价值,但需建立合适的评价体系和标准。片断森林在确定生态恢复目标、为恢复实践提供种源等方面也有重要价值。提出了对片断森林的保护措施。

Forest fragmentation is the most important single factor leading to biodiversity loss.Besides fragment size,plant species diversity is also affected by edge e ffects,instantaneous sampling effects,relaxation effect,rescue effect by long -distance dispersal,and matrix etc.The paper reviewed the changes in species c omposition,abundance,characteristics of the fragmented forest.Many fragme nts deserve conserva tion,but proper evaluation and criteria are needed.Forest fragments also play ro les in determining the aims of ecological restoration and serving as seed source s for restoration.Several methods were proposed for the conservation a nd management of fragmented forest.