污染物的生物催化降解研究进展

Research Advances in Biocatalytic Degradation of Pollutants

在生物催化和生物降解中微生物反应起了关键的作用。近来,与环境有关的细菌的基因组测序揭示了以前未被怀疑过的代谢潜能可以被开发利用。与细菌的生物降解能力相协调,细菌对污染物的趋化性可能归因于细菌与环境中其他生物体竞争能力以及有效修复能力。除了对有机污染物的生物矿化作用,某些细菌还能固定被污染蓄水层中的有毒重金属,从而进一步阐明了微生物转化污染物的潜能。

Microbial reactions play key roles in biocatalysis and biodegradation. The recent genome sequencing of environmentally relevant bacteria has revealed previously unsuspected metabolic potential that could be exploited for useful purposes. In conjunction with their biodegradative capacities, bacterial chemotaxis towards pollutants might contribute to the ability of bacteria to compete with other organisms in the environment and to be efficient agents for bioremediation. In addition to the bacterial biomineralization of organic pollutants, certain bacteria are also capable of immobilizing toxic heavy metals in contaminated aquifers, further illustrating the potential of microorganisms for the removal of pollutants.