西南玉米区种质利用现状及研究进展

The Utilization Present Situation and Study Advances of the Germplasm in Southwest Maize Zone

西南玉米区是我国三大玉米主产区之一,分别占全国玉米总面积、总产量的30%左右。但该区玉米育种和生产用种同样存在着较为严重的种质基础狭窄的问题,潜伏着玉米病虫害的大流行和大暴发的巨大危机,同时狭窄的种质基础还导致了玉米产量水平徘徊不前。本文重点回顾了近年来西南玉米区种质利用现状及在地方种质、野生种质、杂种优势群和杂种优势模式方面的研究进展,同时针对在玉米种质利用和研究中存在的问题,从种质扩增、改良和创新等几个方面提出了几点改进意见。

Southwest maize zone is one of the largest maize zone of China, Ac counting for about 30% of total area and total output of the nation.But the dist inct also has the serious problem of narrow germplasm basic in maize breeding an d in hybrid, Moreover narrow germplasm basic often results in the massive outbre ak of pest.In the same time, narrow germplasm basic also leads to the maize outp ut level without advance.So the article emphasized on introducing, utilizing pre sent situation and study advances on local germplasm, wild germplasm, heterosis group, and heterotic pattern of Southwest maize zone in recont years and brouyht out several improved advices aimed at questions of germplasm utilization and re search in the region including germplasm enlargement, germplasm improvement and germplasm innovation etc.