新疆放射工作人员细胞遗传学分析及剂量──效应关系研究

Cytogenetic analysis of dose-effect relationship in workers with occupational radiation exposure

作者用４种细胞遗传学指标，对９种不同职业放射工作人员进行了观察分析，其中ＣＡ１２２Ｏ例，ＭＮ１２１９例，ＳＣＥ２８３例，染色体核仁银染形成区６０例，并对其中部份人员进行了剂量学调查，发现ＣＡ和ＭＮ在不同工种其群体细胞效应水平与其群体剂量水平呈直线相关；同工种中，与其相对应的年剂量水平呈直线相关。新疆自治区、地、县三级的医用Ｘ射线工作者，其群体剂量水平和群体效应水乎越是基层越高，受单一辐射因子作用的职业工作者，ＳＣＥ频率无显著变化。ＣＡ、ＭＮ、ＳＣＥ联合使用有助于对其群体或个体细胞危害因子的性质，细胞损伤和修复的程度作综合分析，染色体核仁银染结果表明，职业性受照人员有转录活性的ｒＲＮＡ基因的数量及其活性大小与正常人没有明显差异。另外还对有关指标的正常值．诊断参考标准等问题进行了分析讨论．

In recent years, we selected fromnine occupations workers with occupational radiation exposure as object sof study using a ssays of chrotnosomalaberration (CA, 1220 cases ), micronuclei (MN, 1219 ), sister chromatidexchange (SCE, 283 ), and Ag--NOR(60 )' The results showed that CAand MN were sensitive of radiationeffect' In different types of work,the population effect level and population dose leyel were all in positivecorrelation' Among workers doingsame type of work, population effectlevel and annual dose level were inghsitiye correlation, r~ 0' 980, Y0. 020+ 0' 450d' Result of G--band analysis of CA indicated that CA andcumulatiye radiation doses were alsoin positive correlation'Among medicaldiagnostic X--ray workers at regi.onal,prefectural and county levels in Xinjiang Atttonomous Region, the population effect level and population doseleyel were highest in workers atcounty leyel'SCE in workers exposedto single factor of radiation did cotchange markedly, while in workersexposed to three hazardous factors(such as ore dust of uranium mine )it changed markedly' The results ofthis paper show that combined useof CA, MN and SCE is helpful foroverall analysis of the characteristic s of hazardous factors and degreeof repair in population or individualc elf s'