几种牧草与春小麦抑盐效应比较研究

Effect of salt restraint of different grasses and Triticum aestivum

通过田间试验,测定了种植牧草和春小麦对土壤可溶性盐分和盐离子的影响。结果表明:种植牧草脱盐作用明显,而种植春小麦脱盐效果不明显;种植春小麦、豌豆、红豆草和毛苕子,使0~20cm土层的盐分分别下降16.2%、28.9%、18.5%和45.1%,差异较大的原因是蔓生型的豌豆和毛苕子郁闭度大于直立型的小麦和红豆草;种植牧草降低了0~20cm土层的SO42-、Na+、K+、Ca2+和Na+/K+,而种植春小麦仅降低SO42-、K+、Ca2+,提高了Na+和Na+/K+。由此可见,种植牧草改良盐碱地的作用优于种植春小麦。

The effect of grass and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum)on the content and composition of soluble salt was studied by field experiment. The results showed that the desalination of grasses was better than spring wheat . The salt content within 20 cm was reduced by 16.2%, 28.9%, 18.5% and 45.1% respecuively through sowing Triticum aestivum, Pisum sativum, Onobrychis viciaefolia and Vicia villosa . The reason resulting in the difference was the different coverage among different crops. The contents of SO_(4)^(2-), Na^(+), K^(+), Ca^(2+ )and Na^(+)/K^(+ )were reduced by grasses. However, only SO_(4)^(2-), K^(+) and Ca^(2+) were reduced but Na^(+) and Na^(+)/K^(+) were increased by the spring wheat. It could be concluded that the grass should be the proper crop for soil desalination.