不同结构生态滤池处理城镇污水研究

Research on microbial-earthworm ecofilter system for sewage treatment with different structure

研究了不同结构生态滤池处理城镇污水的效果.复合床生态滤池采用初沉池出水作为进水,用中颗粒填料和粗颗粒填料作为惰性填料层,在不同水力负荷下(HLR),CODCr、NH4+-N 去除率分别达74%～85%、30%～90%,出水浊度低.出水中NH4+-N质量浓度下降,NO3--N质量浓度显著增加.氮的转化受HLR影响较大.中颗粒填料较粗颗粒填料的处理效果好,惰性层在硝化方面起着重要作用.进出水中碱度差与硝酸根质量浓度差、氨氮质量浓度差均呈显著相关性.介绍了生态滤池内的物质流、食物链及生态滤池的工作原理.

Double layer Microbial-Earthworm Ecofilter System (MMEEF) with combination of microbe and earthworm is a artificial ecosystem to degrade pollutants for municipal sewage treatment. When the influent water was from primary settling tank, the re-moval rates for CODCr and NH4+-N are 70%~85% and 30%~90%at different HLR, respectively. The turbidity is lowest in the ef-fluent. The quality of the effluent was better when inert layer was composed of the middle inert material than the bigger inert material. Transformations of nitrogen were affected by many factors, especial HLR in the experimental conditions. The levels of nitrate were significantly increased while the levels of the ammonia nitrogen were decreased in the effluent. There is significantly linear correla-tion between the rising level of NO3--N and the difference of alkalinity (Alk). The layer of inert particles plays an important role in ammonium nitrification. The mechanisms of MMEEF, also with the mass flow path and the food web, were offered.