662名社区吸毒人员操守保持和社会帮教状况调查

DRUG ABSTINENCE OF AND COMMUNITY EDUCATION AND HELP FOR 662 HEROIN USERS IN CHANGSHA FURONG DISTRICT

目的:客观评估长沙市芙蓉区社区吸毒人员操守保持状况和社会帮教工作成效。方法:入户普查结合机构调查,应用成瘾行为个案调查表对6 6 2名登记在册的吸毒人员进行调查。结果:当前操守保持率为5 9 .4 % ;操守保持者平均操守保持时间3 .8a±s 2 . 8a。每年新生吸毒人员数量在1986年- 1998年间呈增加趋势,到1998年达到最高峰,尔后下降。社区帮教率为83 .3% ,措施包括常规尿液吗啡检测、申请低保、工作安置等。结论:芙蓉区阿片类成瘾物质滥用蔓延速度趋缓,创建“无毒社区”和社会帮教成效显著,是一条行之有效的社区戒毒模式。

Objective: To understand the rate and duration of abstinence in officially recorded drug addicts in Furong District, Changsha, Hunan Province, and to evaluate the efficacy of the Free-drug Community Program in Furong District. Methods: Face-to-face interviews in 662 recorded illicit drug users at household institutions were performed by using the Questionnaire on Drug Use developed by the authors,and 399 users were conducted urine test. Results: Three hundred and ninety three illicit-drug users were drug negative. It means the rate of abstinence was 59.4% (people who rejected test and in detoxification institutions were considered as drug positive). The mean duration of the abstinent was 3.8 a±s 2.8 a. The numbers of new illicit-drug users per year during the period of 1986-1998 tended to increasing although there was some fluctuation,and reached the peak in 1998; and from then on sharply declined. 83.3% (422 of 662) of the recorded drug users reported that they had gained help from their community, which included urine morphine test, application for subsidy from government for minimum living needs, application of jobs, and so on. Conclusion: Drug use in Furong District is alleviated,and the Free-drug Community Program is an effective abstinence model for drug addicts in China, and can be extended in other provinces.