大豆长花序短果枝株型性状的利用研究 Ⅵ.不同施肥水平和种植密度下长花序短果枝大豆沈农6号的产量形成

Utilization of Soybean Germplasm with Plant-type of Long Floral Axis and Short Pod-branch Ⅵ.Studies on Yield Formation of Soybean Shennong 6 with Long Floral Axis and Short Pod-branch Under Different Fertilizer Levels and Seeding rates

在不同施肥水平和种植密度条件下研究了长花序短果枝株型大豆品种沈农6号叶片的产量形成,结果表明,沈农6号的生物产量在不同施肥量间差异显著,在不同种植密度间差异达到极显著,这说明生物产量受种植密度和施肥量的影响都较大。在不同施肥水平和种植密度条件下,生物产量最大积累速率出现的时间不同,最大积累速率也不同。在同一施肥水平下,随着种植密度的增加,生物产量最大积累速率有降低的趋势。在3种不同的种植密度下,以种植密度为15 .0万株/hm2 的植株籽粒所占的比例最大(37% )。种植密度为7.5万株/hm2 和15 .0万株/hm2 的群体籽粒分布均集中植株中下部,而种植密度为2 2 .5万株/hm2 的籽粒主要分布于植株中上部。短果枝出现的最早层次都是在2 0～30cm。在植株上,短果枝的分布位置有随种植密度的增加而增高的趋势。不同种植密度间的产量差异达到极显著水平,不同施肥水平下的产量差异不显著,而施肥水平与密度互作间的产量差异显著。这说明:对沈农6号而言,种植密度对产量形成更为重要。

Yield formation of soybean Shennong 6 with long floral axis and short pod-branch were studied under different fertilizer levels and seeding rates in 2002. The results were as follows: The biological yields were different at 5% significant level under different fertilizer levels, and 1% significant level under different seeding rates, which meant biological yield was affected greatly by fertilizer and seeding rates. The time and the value of maximum biological yield accumulation rate were different under different fertilizer levels and seeding rates. At the same fertilizer level, as the increase of seeding rate the value of maximum biological yield accumulation rate would be lower. Under the seeding rate of 150 000 plants/hm^2 the seed ratio was highest (37%).The seeds were set at the middle and low positions of the canopies under 75 000 and 150 000 plants/hm^2 ,however at the middle and upper positions under 225 000 plants/hm^2.The short pod-branch appeared firstly at the 20～30 cm position, and as the increase of seeding rate the distribution of short pod-branch in the canopy would be upper. The yield difference was significant at 1% level under different seeding rates, but no significant under fertilizer levels, the interaction between fertilizer and seeding rate was significant at 5% level, which meant the seeding rate was very important for the yield of soybean cultivar Shennong 6, fertilizer would affect the yield through changing the effect of seeding rate.