孕妇心理特征研究及对护理工作的启示

Study on psychological character of pregnant women and nursing application.

作者对８１例妊娠４～１０个月的健康孕妇进行了心理健康状况、性格类型及性格特征等心理特征的调查。结果表明：孕妇组在强迫、敏感、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等因子分均值及总均分显著或非常显著地高于健康已婚未孕妇女组（对照组）（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１），显示出孕妇组呈现较低心理健康水平；多因素相关回归分析发现：影响孕妇心理健康的因素较多，其主要原因在于孕妇的不良性格类型及性格特征。为此，及时有的放矢地针对孕妇的不良心理特征给予适当的心理咨询及护理指导，将对孕妇的身心健康更为有益，对胎儿的健康生长也将起到积极的作用。

This study was conducted to explore the psychological character of healthy pregnant women. 81 four to ten months pregnant and 96 non pregnant women participated the study. SCL-90was used to measure the psychological health state. The result showed that the average total and subtotal scores such as compulsion, sensitivity, stress . hostility, terror , obstinate , and psychiatric factor in pregnant women were obvious higher than in non pregnant women(P<0. 05 or P<0.01). It indicated that pregnant women's psychological health state was not good. The major influencing factor was unhealthy characteristic type. It recommends that nurses should give advice and care to the pregnant women according to the individual's unhealthy psychological character to benefit both the mother and baby.