呼出苯和血苯作为生物接触指标的研究

STUDY OF BENZENE CONCENTRATION IN BLOOD ANDE XPIRED AIR AS BIOMONITORING INDEX

对两皮鞋厂的３０名（男１１名，女１９名）苯作业工人，分别监测其呼出苯、血苯、尿酚浓度和车间空气苯以及呼出苯的毒代动力学观察。结果表明各指标间都有明显的正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）和好的线性关系。班前呼出苯分别为０．０２６（停止接触４０ｈ）和０．１３６ｍｇ／ｍ３（停止接触１６ｈ）；血苯班前班后平均浓度分别为３．２ｌ和１０μｇ／Ｌ；班前班后血／气分配系数分别为６．６７和７．６０。１６ｈ衰减率达９９％以上。故以呼出苯和血苯作为职业性苯接触的生物监测指标，简便、灵敏、特异性好。

From tvvo shoes plants,30 workers (11 male,19 female) occupationally exposed to benzene(B) were studied bv continuous monitoring the concentrations of B in environment,expired air,blood and of urine phenol. On eight of these workers,we have made further studies to eiucidate the pharmacokinetics of B。The results showed that there are signif-icantly positive linear reiations(P<0.0l ) between environmentalB concentration and biomonitoring parameters。The average concentration of B in expired alr after work was 11.69mg/m3, corresponding to 30%of concentration ex-posed.The concentrations of B exhaled were 0.026 and 0.136mg/m3 respectively at 40 h and l6 h after exposure。 The average blood B before and after work were 3.2 1 and 102.μg/L respectively,and the distribution coefficient of blood/alveolar air Was 6.67 and 7.04 respectively。 99%of B was eliminated after 16 hours。 The advantages of this method are simplicity,sensitivity and good speciality。