河西在汉代以前的文明形式

THE MODE OF CIVILIZATION AT HEXI BEFORE HAN DYNASTY

文章首先从地理的角度论证了河西的农业形式的文明只能从乌鞘岭东边传播过去。在这基础上 ,结合乌鞘岭东边农业形式的文明的发展历史 ,从新石器时期遗址分布的地理位置、气候变化的影响和地理环境对文化传播的影响等角度分析了河西新石器时期文化的可能性质 ,认为虽然有挟有那样生产技能的文化曾经传播到河西 ,但由于游牧社会生产方式的排斥影响 ,农业并没有得到发展 ,更没有进入农业社会。整个河西在汉代以前一直处于游牧社会 ,并发展着游牧文明。

The paper first demonstrate that the agricultural civilization of Hexi before Han dynasty, if it had existed, could only come from the east of Wusao Mountain through the analysis of temporal environment. Based on this, we review the development of the agricultural civilization at the east of Wusao Mountain and discuss the possibility that there exist agricultural civilization at Hexi before Han dynasty from the angle of geographical place which the relic of New Stone Age have located and of the possible influence of the change of climate and the geographical environment in the path where the culture had come through, we consider that the viewpoint is not convictive which support that there have agricultural civilization at Hexi before Han dynasty, because almost all the relics located at the north foot of Qilian Mountain, the upper part of proluvial fan and the second terrace of the river, not at lower part of the proluvial fan, although where is more suitable for agriculture; the quantity of precipitation did not fluctuate largely because it is determined by its location, landform and total circulation of air, and the agriculture was expanded and developed quickly between 15th to 19th century (this period was called 'little ice age'), all these indicate that the change of temperature was not the excuse of agricultural civilization's dying out, had agricultural civilization existed before Han dynasty, it is difficult to explain why it is replaced by the followed nomadic civilization; and the Wushao Mountain is so high that it is impossible for the people who have agricultural technology to get Hexi successfully without absorbing the product mode of nomadic. From the fact that almost all the relics located at the upper part of river, and did not move to the lower reaches of river where is more suitable for agriculture, we guess that Hexi had held by nomad before the people who have agricultural technology arrived, that is also why Hexi did not form agricultural society and evolve to agricultural civilization after those who have agricultural technology had arrived. We all know that, even at Han dynasty, there did not form agricultural society until it was conquered. So we conclude that there existed no agricultural society and civilization at Hexi before Han dynasty, although the culture with agricultural technology had arrived here, it may be because there had another social product mode which had arrived before, it had no chance to develop and began to die out from then on, it was always in nomadic society at Hexi before Han dynasty and developed nomadic civilization until there be conquered by Han dynasty.