1976～1990年北京地区腺病毒肺炎的流行特点及分子流行病学研究

Epidemiolog of Adenovirus Pneumonia in Beijing,1976～1990

对１９７６～１９９０年度１５个冬春２７５７例住院肺炎患儿作了病毒学检查，并对８０～９０年代及部分５０、６０年代分离的３、７型腺病毒（Ａｄ３、Ａｄ７）９９株用１２种ＤＮＡ限制性内切酶作了基因组型分析。研究结果阐明了北京地区腺病毒（Ａｄｖ）肺炎的流行特点。１９７６年以来北京地区没有出现Ａｄｖ肺炎的爆发流行，仅有小规模的流行。Ａｄ３、Ａｄ７仍是Ａｄｖ肺炎的主要病原，但在不同阶段以一个血清型为主。１９８２年以后Ａｄｖ肺炎的发病率逐渐下降；病情减轻。ＤＮＡ限制性内切酶分析揭示了北京地区引起肺炎Ａｄ３、Ａｄ７基因组型分布。Ａｄ７中有６个基因组型，Ａｄ３中有３个基因组型。１９５８、１９６５年曾出现７ａ１、７ａ４、７ｂ及７ｇ，以后未再检出；１９６２年出现３ａ２。１９８０～１９９０年７ｄ及３ａ２是优势基因组型。Ａｄ７中除１９８４年一株７ｄ１外均为７ｄ。１９８４及１９８６年分别检出３ａ４及３ａ６。

rom 1976 to 1990 for 15 consecutive epide-mic years,virological examinations were cat-ried out on 2757 hospitalized infants and children infected with pneumonia. Ninety-nine strains of types 3 and 7 adenovirus(Ad3.Ad7)isolated from 50s to 90s wrere analyzed with 12 DNA restriction endonucleases.Results showed the epidemiologic characteristics of adenovirus(Adv)pnenmonia in Beijing.Epidemic occur-red yearly,but there was no severe outbreak of Adv pneumonia as in 1958.Ad3 and Ad7 were the main etiologic agents of Adv pneumonia·Ad7 was dominant in 1976～1980; wkile Ad3 was more prevalent in 1981 ～1990.DNA restriction endonuclease analysis revealed six genome types of Ad7 and three genotypes of Ad3.7a1,7a4.7b and 7g occurred in 1958, 1985,but disappeared between 1980 ～1990; 3a2 was first detected in 1962.From 1980 to 1990,76 and 3a2 were the dominant genome types.Among the Ad7 strains only one strain of 7d1 was identified; all others were 7d.3a4 and 3a6 first appeared in 1984 and 1986,respectively. The changes of epidemic patterns seemed correlated with the variations of genome types.