秋冬型恙虫病自然疫源地的调查研究

Studies on Natural Foci of Tsutsuga-mushi Diseaso of the Autumn-winter Type in Jiangsu

１９８６年前，我国恙虫病仅知流行于浙江以南地区，主要属夏季型，以地里纤恙螨为主要媒介。我所于１９８６年１０月在南京发现有恙虫病的存在，１９８６～ｌ９９２年通过调查研究证明：南京和苏北的东台、海安、如东等７县市有恙虫病的流行；属秋冬型；以黑线姬鼠、社鼠、褐家鼠和大麝为主要储存宿主；以小盾纤恙螨为传播媒介；秋冬型恙虫病立克次体属弱毒株较难分离，接种标本的小白鼠经用环磷酰胺等处理后，已从鼠、恙螨和病人分离到１４株：血清分型属Ｇｉｌｌｉａｍ型；疫源地类型可分为平原型和丘陵型两型。

Before 1986,tsitsugamuxhi disease was known only prevalent in south to Zhejiang Province in our country,belonged to thesummer type and Leptotrombidium(L.)deliense was regarded as the main vector. In october 1986, the authors found this disease in Nanjing and carried out a series of studies in 1986～1992.The results were as follows:Tsutsugamashi disease was epidemic in Nan-jing and north of Jiangsa(including: Dongtai,Haian,Rudong,Jinhu,Hanjiang, Jiangdu);belonged to the autumn-winter type;the main reservoir hosts were Apodemus agrarlus,Rattus confucianus,R.norvegicus and Crocidura lasiura;the transmitting vector was L.(L.)scutellare:the pathogen of tsutsuga-mushi disease of the autumn-winter type-Rickettsia tsutsugamushi belonged to low-virulent strain,and could not easily be detected;after the inoculated mice were treated with diluted cyclophosphamide solution,14 strains of R.tsutsugamushi have been isolated from rats ,mites and patients;serological typing of their sera showed that they belonged to the Gilliam type;natural foci in Jiangsucould be divided into two types-flat land andhilly land.