特殊群体婴幼儿麻疹爆发流行病学调查分析

An Epidemiologic Study on An Outbreak of Measles in a Particular Group of infants

北京市儿童福利院于１９９２年３月２３日至４月２７日发生一起以８月龄以下婴儿为主的麻疹爆发流行。罹患率４．８％，其中发病最高的观察室罹患率达３３．３３％，共发生１８例，８月龄以下婴儿１１例。临床表现以症状重并发症多为特点，预后良好，经流行病学、血清学证实本次为带入性麻疹爆发流行。此外还观察到接种麻疹疫苗的残疾幼儿暴露于自然麻疹病毒中具有很高的保护性。同时对其高接种率地区麻疹发病特点，成人再免时机及残疾婴儿首次接种月龄进行了探讨。通过调查分析认为麻疹的发病原因主要是计免空白和“不可预防”月龄组婴儿的大量存在。

n outbreak of measles broke out and pre- vailed in the Beijing Children Welfare House from March 23rd to April 27th.1992.The 18 vic- tims accounted for 4.8% of the whole infant popuLtion in the Welfare House,11 of them being babies of less than 8 months.One third of the attacked babies were in bad condition and were hospita lized in the observation room. The clinicaI manifestations indicated thdt severe symptoms,more complications but favotirable prognosis were characteristic of the infant patients.Based on the epidemiologic study and serologicaI test,it was found that the outb- reak and spread of the measles originated from outside the Welfare House,It was also found that the vaccinated handicapped infants expos- sed to natural measles were high1y protected. This investigation leads to the conclusion that the cause of this measles outbreak was laid to tke vacancy of planning immunizatiotn and the existence of a large number of non-protec- ted babies.