医院感染分析与对策

Hospital Infection and Countermeasures

目的 分析医院的感染在不同科室、感染部位、年龄组及住院日的分布 ,采取针对性措施。方法 对我院 1999年 1月～ 2 0 0 0年 1月发生医院感染的 87例患者进行回顾性分析。结果 医院感染在内科系统、呼吸道部位、6 0岁以上年龄组患者及住院日 10天内感染率高。结论 针对医院感染的对策主要是加强医院感染管理 ;做好病室的清洁消毒工作 ;切断感染链 ;严格执行医院消毒技术规范 ;合理应用化学消毒剂 ;合理应用抗生毒 ;定期准确地进行医院环境微生物监测 ,认真向工作人员及病人、陪人宣传预防医院感染的知识 ;对年老体弱、重症患者采取单人单病室治疗 ,专人护理 ,做好基础护理与心理护理 ,减少陪护和探视人员。

Objective To probe into the distribution of hospital infection in different departments,body parts,age groups and time in hospital.Methods Make an analysis on 87 patients who got hospital infection from January 1990 to January 2000.Results Age group of over 60 years old who got infection in internal systems and respiratory parts in hospital for ten days had a higher infection rate.Conclusion The key of reducing the rate of infection is to strengthen the management and disinfection, cut off infection chains,implement strictly regulations on disinfection issued by the Ministry of Health.Chemical disinfectants and antibiotics should be used reasonably;the hospital condition should be improved, meanwhile knowledge of medical care is familiar to nurses and patients.Patients who are old and weak should be offered with special nursing.