氯酚类污染物的辐射降解研究进展

Radiation-induced degradation of chlorophenols in aqueous solution

以γ射线辐照为基本手段的辐射技术,在环境污染治理中的应用日益广泛。本文着重介绍了辐射技术降解氯酚类污染物(CPs)的辐照分解机理及最新研究进展,并对辐射技术的应用前景和存在的问题进行了评述。同时简要介绍了影响CPs辐照分解效率的各种因素,提出单一辐照工艺对高浓度的CPs的处理都存在一定局限性,而采用臭氧-辐照联用,不仅可降低辐射剂量,而且臭氧在辐射条件下可产生协同效应,既提高了有机物的处理效果,又克服了单用辐射处理时效率随有机物浓度下降而降低的缺点,联合工艺的开发与应用将成为环境污染治理新发展的方向。

Radiation processing is a promising technology for applications in environmental protection, which includes wastewater treatment, micro-polluted drinking water treatment and the treatment of industrial wastewater containing various toxic and nonbiodegradable pollutants, municipal sewage and sludge disinfection, and flue gas desulfuration, etc. The paper reviews mainly the recent progresses in radiolysis of chlorinated phenols in aqueous solution. Advantages and existing problems of the method in this particular application are discussed. Mechanisms of radiation-induced degradation of chlorophenols, and the factors affecting the degradation efficiency, are discussed, too. It is concluded that combined approaches, such ozone oxidation and other methods, are of great help to the radiation processing application, in terms of lowering down the dose and increasing the efficient of pollutant removal.