美国在中亚—里海地区的能源政策评析

Analysis of American Energy Policy in the Central Asia-Caspian Sea Region

美国在中亚—里海地区的能源政策是其国际能源政策的重要组成部分。本文在简要介绍美国国际能源政策的基础上,集中阐释美国在该地区能源外运线路、商业利益、国家间合作等方面的能源政策,进而对该政策在美国国际能源政策中的地位、原因,以及政策实施过程中所面临的困境进行了探讨。作者认为,美国在中亚—里海地区的能源政策并不以直接满足美国石油供应为目标,而是更多地着眼于平衡全球能源供应、稳定石油价格、保障能源供给多样化等长期的能源战略目标,并服务于美国在该地区的外交战略目标。但除了商业利益之外,美国实现该能源政策的其他目标则面临诸多困难。

American energy policy in the Central Asia-Caspian Sea region is an important component of its international energy policy. The author argues that the policy is not intended to indirectly meet American’s domestic energy demand, but is aimed at the goals of its long term energy strategy, including ensuring the global energy’s demand and supply equilibrium, reducing the uncertainty of oil price and securing diversity of supply etc, and meet the goals of U.S. foreign strategy in the region. But American government will face many difficulties in the fulfillment of the goals of the policy except for business interests.