骆驼蓬提取物对小麦玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

The Research of the Biological Activities on Different Peganum Harmala Extraction For the Seeds Germination Velocity and Growth Rate of wheat and Corn

用乙醇和氯仿从骆驼蓬生长期的地上部分,提取出的醇溶物,脂溶物及水溶物,分别对小麦、玉米进行浸泡处理后,以种子萌发率和幼苗的植物生长量为指标,测定各提取物的生物活性,结果是:凡经处理的作物种子,其幼苗的生长率均有不同程度的提高。其中,小麦的生长率是醇溶物和水溶物处理最为显著,前者可使根系的生长率达91.03%,叶片达23.02%。后者可使根系生长率达68.99%,叶片达17.04%;而玉米的生长率是脂溶物和醇溶物处理最为显著,前者根系的生长率达35.36%,叶片达28.48%,后者根系达27.94%,叶片达30.88%。处理对种子萌发的影响是与处理液的化学性质,浓度以及萌发的时间相关,醇溶物对种子萌发的抑制作用明显比水溶物和脂溶物强;低浓度的脂溶物和水溶物对种子萌发不显示抑制作用,高浓度的各提取物表现出不同程度的抑制作用。

The seeds of wheat and corn were treated by the water ethanol , or chloroform soluble substance extracted from pegamum harmla .The biological activities of the extractions were measured according to the seeds germination velocity and growth rate. The growth rate of the seeds treated by the three extractions were all improved. The best extraction to increase the growth rate of wheat was the extraction from water and ethanol. The growth rate of wheat treated by the extraction from ethanol was 91.03% for the root system,and 23.02% for the leaves, The growth rate was 68.99% for the root system and 17.04%for the leaves when wheat was treated by the extraction from water. For corn, the best extraction to improve the growth rate came from ethanol and chloroform. The growth rate of corn treated by the extraction from chloroform was 35.36% for the root system and 28.48% for leaves. It was 27.94% for the root system and 30.88% for the leaves when corn was treated by the extraction from ethanol. The correlations of the extractions to the germination of seeds are attributed to the chemical characteristic, concentration of the extractions, and time of germination. The extraction from ethanol inhibited germination of seeds more intensively than the extraction from water and chloroform. Low concentration extractions from water and chloroform generally did not show the inhibitory effect on the germination of seeds. However, high concentration extractions from water and chloroform showed variable degree of inhibitory effect and the inhibitory effect disappeared with the time of germination increase.