流动人口的城市就业效应

The Urban Employment Effect of Floating Population

在对当前中国面临的就业状况、城市流动人口的结构特征和就业市场竞争力研究的基础上,可以发现流动人口的城市就业效应:流动人口为城市提供了“低廉”的劳动力商品和劳动力储备,因而具有明显的正效应;同时,由于其在就业市场上的竞争力,流动人口对本地劳动力就业及其工资收入造成了冲击,从而具有一定的负效应。为了缓解当前城市就业压力,有关方面应理性地看待流动人口对城市就业的影响,并制定合理的城市就业政策。

Based on an analysis of China's current employment situation, structural characteristics of urban floating population and competitive forces in the employment marker, this paper points out that there is a positive effect in the urban employment of floating population since it supplies cheaper laborers and their reserves for cities, and that there is a negative effect on local people's employment and wages because of competitions in the labor market. To relieve the current urban employment pressure, it is of great significance to rationally consider influences of floating population on urban employment and to work out proper urban employment policies.