锁骨上皮瓣的应用解剖

APPLIED ANATOMY OF SUPRA-CLAVICULAR FAP

锁骨上皮瓣是修复面颈部缺损的较理想供区。在３０例成人标本上，对锁骨上皮瓣血管进行了巨微解剖观测。该皮瓣的血供主要是颈横动脉或其浅支发出颈皮支（共８３．３％），少数来自肩胛上动脉或其浅支发出的颈皮支，回流静脉主要是颈外静脉。皮瓣的血管蒂如带上起源动脉，则长４．０ｃｍ，外径２．２ｍｍ，皮支分布面积８ｃｍ×１０ｃｍ，可作为游离或带血管蒂皮瓣。此皮瓣还可带锁骨上中间神经作成游离感觉皮瓣。

Abstract It is generally known that supra-clavicular region is an ideal donor site for repairing the defects of head and neck. The supra-clavicular flap was studied under operating microscope on 30 sides of adult cadavers. The flap is supplied by the cutaneous branch of cervical transverse or superficial cervical artery in most case (83.3%).others are suppied by the supra-scapuler or ascending ceryical artery. The flap is mainly drained by the exteral jugular vein. The length of the arterial pedicle, including its source artery, of the flap is 4.0cm and the diameter is 2.2 mm. The extent of the flap may reach to 8cm ×10cm. The flap can be used as a sensory free flap with the middlebranch of supra-clavicular nerve.