濮阳市2001～2003年麻疹暴发疫情特征分析

Analysis of the Epidemic Characteristics of Measles Outbreaks from 2001 through 2003 in Puyang City

目的 了解濮阳市2 0 0 1～2 0 0 3年麻疹暴发情况,找出发病原因,指导今后的麻疹防治工作。方法 对濮阳市2 0 0 1～2 0 0 3年麻疹暴发特征进行流行病学分析。结果 农村和小学为主要发生地,小学发病率最高,城区流动人口集中地也有麻疹暴发。10 0例病例中,16 %有确切免疫史,6 3%免疫史不详、2 1%无免疫史:暴发主要集中于小学生(6 9% )。结论 暴发主要原因为免疫接种率低,特别是麻疹疫苗的复种率低且不及时。有关部门应密切配合,做好小学生麻疹疫苗的复种工作,做好流动人口的管理工作,以提高麻疹监测水平。

Objective The objective of the research reported in this article was to investigate the epidemic situation of measles outbreaks from 2001 through 2003 in Puyang city and to find out the causes leading to the disease for the benefit of future prevention and treatment of it.Methods The epidemic characteristics of measles outbreaks from 2001 through 2003 in Puyang city were analyzed. Results It was indicated that the incidence of the disease was highest in rural areas, where primary school students were mostly affected. There existed measles outbreaks among concentrated nomadic population in the city. Of 100 cases of measles, those who had an immunization history accounted for 16%; 63 % of them were unable to give a detailed history of immunization; and 21% of them had no immunization performed. Outbreaks mainly happened to primary school students(69%). Conclusion Low immunization rate of measles, particularly low revaccination rate and untimely immunization, is the culprit. Sectors concerned are to set up close cooperation to strengthen measles vaccine revaccination for primary school students and management of nomadic population in order to improve measles surveillance and reduce the incidence of measles outbreaks.