小儿纵隔肿块的特点

Mediastinal masses in Children

１９５９～１９９１年治疗２３６例纵隔肿块中，以神经源性肿瘤占首位，其次为食管重复畸形及畸胎类瘤，前两类多数发生在后纵隔。１岁以下患儿基本上无良性肿瘤。一侧纵隔内巨大肿瘤我们采用暴露较好的双肋间切口，巨大肿瘤开胸后用大针粗线贯穿瘤体，由助手握线上提以减轻心、肺受压。１岁以下神经母细胞瘤手术后预后极佳。

From 1959 to 1991, 236 cases with mediastinal masses were handled. Among them,the neurogenic tumor as the commonest. The next was esophageal duplication.They occurred mostly in the posterior mediastinum. Ninety-three percent of the teratomas occurred in the anterior.All of the lymphangiomas occurred in the superior. The incidence of the above mentioned four kinds of tumors made a rate of 89%. Ninety-three percent of the mediastinal tumors in patient under one year of age were malignant.Bilateral thoracotomy should be abondanded for children under 3 years of age to avoid fatal pneumonia.Double intercostal incision for the huge tumor would avoid damage of the vital organs. Polycystic lymphangioma with intracystic hemorrhage might confuse with the engorged veins of the cyst. The dissection should be meticulous.In this series.all patients under one year of age had a good outcome.