中蜂与意蜂营养杂交对工蜂形态指标的影响

Effects of Nutritional Crossbreeding Between Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica on Morphological Characters of Worker Bees

测定了中蜂与意蜂营养杂交的亲本中蜂、亲本意蜂、以及连续3代营养杂交后代意蜂和连续3代营养杂交后代中蜂的工蜂11个形态指标,测定的数据用SPSS统计软件分析。结果表明:营养杂交后代工蜂的吻长(A)、右前翅面积(B)、腹部第3+4背板总长(D)、第4背板突间距(E)、第6腹节面积(F)和蜡镜面积(G)6个指标与亲本工蜂之间存在极显著的差异(P<0.01);营养杂交后代工蜂的肘脉指数(C)、跗节指数(H)、∠B4(J)、∠I10、(K)和翅钩数(I)与亲本工蜂之间差异不显著(P>0.05);营养杂交各代工蜂以上11个形态指标之间差异不显著。

morphological characters of the workers were measured and analyzed with the software SPSS, the workers, were from the parent of A.M.L colonies 、parent of A.C.C.colonies and the 3 consecutive hybrid offspring of A.M.L colonies, the 3 consecutive hybrid offspring of A.C.C. colonies,and the hybridization was taken place between the Chinese honeybees and the Italian honeybees. The result showed that 6 morphological characters of the hybrid workers are significantly different (P<0.01) from those of the parent colonies,namely the length of proboscis, the area of the right forewing, the length 3+4 tergums,the space between the two tubers on the 4^(th) tergum,the area of the 6^(th) abdomen and the area of the wax mirror. There was no significant difference in the worker bees’ index of the cubitus,index of the tarsus,∠B 4,∠I (10)and the number of the hooks on the wing. And there were no significant difference in every generation of the hybrid off springs of the worker bees in the above 11 morphological characters.