野罂粟种子形态、品质与萌发规律的研究

Studies on the Morpha, Quality and Germinating Rule of Papaver nudicaule Seed

通过连续2年对野罂粟种子萌发等情况的研究,初步探明野罂粟种子的形态、品质与休眠、寿命。野罂粟种色黑褐,状如微宿腰果,平均种长0.92mm,腰宽0.40mm,厚0.38mm。单果平均产成熟种子1746粒,不受精率18.8%。种子净度95.17%,千粒重79.6mg,含水率4.81%,萌发率97.0%。野罂粟种子有休眠期,不同季节成熟的种子休眠期长短不一,夏熟种休眠期约2个月,秋熟种约1个月;野罂粟种子的自然寿命为20个月,半活期380d;人工加速老化处理8d完全失去发芽能力。

Through studying the germinating of Papaver nudicaule seed for two years, the morpha, quality, dormancy and lifetime were realized. The color of Papaver nudicaule seed is black brown and the shape looks like the miniature cashew nut. The length is 0.92mm; the middle width is 0.40mm; the thickness is 0.38mm; per fruit has 1746 mature seeds; the rate that have no impregnation is 18.8%; the purity is 95.17%; the weight of per kilo seed is 79.6mg; the rate of containing water is 4.81%; the germinating rate is 97.0%. Papaver nudicaule seed has dormancy stage, which matured in different reason is different. The dormancy stage of the seed matured in Summer is 2 months and in Autumn is one month. The lifetime of Papaver nudicaule seed is more than 20 months, and the rate of germination that the seeds were stored for 380 days is 50%. The seeds treated with artificial ageing for eight days will lost germination ability.