摩托车车架的动态特性分析及减振优化研究

Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Motorcycle Frame and Its Vibration Reduction Optimization

车架是摩托车的关键部件,它的动态特性直接影响整车的振动。通过对摩托车车架动态特性的研究,找出其动力学上的缺陷并进行合理的结构修改,以某125型跨骑式摩托车为例,建立了车架结构的有限元模型,进行了模态分析,并研究了路面激励和发动机激励对车架动态特性的影响。通过对车架结构动态性能的评估,找到了车架结构的薄弱环节,并进行了结构修改,改善了车架结构的动态特性,减少了摩托车的振动,为摩托车结构的减振优化研究提供了可借鉴的方法。

Motorcycle frame is the key assembly of a motorcycle and its dynamic characteristics directly determine the vibration of the whole motorcycle. Through the study on dynamic characteristics of motorcycle frame, we can find out dynamic defects in the motorcycle frame and then modify them accordingly. That will do good to improve the dynamic properties and reduce the vibration of the whole motorcycle. A 125 style bestriding motorcycle was taken as an example, the finite element model was created and the normal mode analysis was performed for the motorcycle frame. The effects on the dynamic response of road surface roughness and the engine exciting was analyzed respectively. Then the dynamic characteristics of the motorcycle frame were evaluated in order to find out its weaknesses. Finally, some modifications were made on the motorcycle frame. As a result, the characteristics of motorcycle frame are improved and the vibration of the whole motorcycle is reduced. It offers a feasible method in the research of vibration reduction optimization for motorcycle structures.