LNG资源和LNG贸易介绍

INTRODUCTION ON LNG RESOURCE AND LNG TRADE

近来,世界石油价格不断攀升,而天然气远距离跨海域管输又受到诸多方面的限制,这就促进了LNG贸易的迅速增长。随着我国广东LNG接收站工程和福建LNG项目的实施,国内LNG接收站工程将逐渐增多。为此,分析世界LNG生产线项目的建设和发展状况、LNG贸易方式,将有利于国内LNG接收站工程选择合适的资源和贸易方式。文章在详细介绍了距我国较近的LNG资源地的基础上,阐述了国内LNG接收站工程应基于供气安全性高、价格合理、运距近的选择原则;分析了世界LNG的定价原则,特别提到了澳大利亚LNG项目采用的S曲线计算公式;此外还介绍了目前世界上通常用于LNG贸易的离岸价(FOB)和船上交货(DES)和两种方式,并对比了FOB和DES两种方式的优缺点。

Now the oil price rises continuously in the w orld. Gas transmission by long-distance pipeline crossing oceans is restricted by many factors, which promote LNG trade increasing rapidly. As LNG receiving st ation in Guangdong province and LNG project in Fujian province are fulfilled, th e domestic LNG receiving stations will appear more and more. So, analyzing the c onstruction and progress of LNG production-line projects and the LNG trade worl dwide will be helpful for the domestic LNG receiving stations to choose the prop er source and trade mode. According to the LNG sources from neighbor places, the principle of high safety, reasonable price, and short transportation distance o f LNG delivering is proposed for domestic LNG stations to select LNG source. The LNG pricing principle is analyzed worldwide. Especially, the calculating formul a of S curve used in Australia LNG projects is introduced. Also, both the modes of FOB and DES usually used in the international trade of LNG are introduced. Th e advantages and disadvantages of the 2 modes are compared.