鹭类招引及营巢地的恢复

The Attraction of Wild Bird and Recall of Abandoned Heronry Using Captive Egrets

本研究根据鹭类的集群繁殖行为习性,利用养殖鹭类招引野生鹭类重新集群于已经废弃的营巢地.2003年5月29日～2004年3月8日在厦门白鹭自然保护区大屿岛养殖80只白鹭(自15日龄开始),300日龄存活率为91.25%,白鹭成鸟体重为491.3～504.5g,体长为57.05～58.18cm.2004年招引到大屿岛繁殖的鹭类亲鸟种群数量为6300只,主要由白鹭(占79.36%)、夜鹭(14.29%)、池鹭(4.76%)和牛背鹭(1.59%)组成.结果说明,在废弃营巢地植被等环境条件没有被破坏而且在避免其受人为干扰的情况下,利用养殖鹭类能够招引外来的野生鹭类重新回到已经废弃的营巢地进行集群繁殖.本实验也获得基本的鹭类养殖技术、鹭类摄食量及生长发育等数据,可为今后珍稀濒危鹭类的异地养殖保护奠定工作基础.

The ardeinae birds usually nesting at the same site to form a colony.The aim of this study was to examine whether the captive egrets could attract the wild birds to renest in the abandoned heronry.Eighty Little Egrets at age of 15 days were kept in captive in Dayu Islet,Xiamen Egret Natural Reserve from May 29,2003 to March 8,2004.The survival rate at the age of 300 days was 91.25%.The body weight and length of the captive adult egrets were 491.3~504.5 g and 57.05~58.18 cm respectively.In the May of 2004,6300 ardeinae birds colonially re-nested around the captive area, in which the relative abundance of Little Egret (Egretta garzetta), Night Heron (Nyctycorax nyctycorax),Chinese Pond Heron (Ardeola bacchus) and Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis) was 79.36%,14.29%,4.76% and 1.59% respectively.The results showed that captive egrets could attract wild birds to colonially re-nest in the abandoned heronry and thus could recall the abandoned heronry.Meanwhile,the basic egret husbandry techniques and the data of dietary supplement and growth of the captive egret resulting from this study might be beneficial to the ex-situ conservation of endangered ardeinae species.