海岸路桥工程的绿色预算

“Green” Budget for Coastal Roads

阐述海岸路桥工程在建设期和营运期对生态环境的影响,如工程建设对陆域和海域生物、水土保持、水质及一些特征生态系统(湿地)等的影响,并提出将其定量化的方法.文中采用专家法和综合评价法,提出了剔除环保投入后的生态净损失综合计算体系,并将生态净损失纳入到工程预算中,使工程预算更加合理,有利于近岸生态系统的可持续发展.

The construction and use of coastal roads,implies the loss,degradation and fragmentation of habitats.However,the present budget excludes these ecological losses.As a result,the government and the public have to bear the subsequent increasing investment.Therefore,a more sustainable budget system,or a “green budget” should be established.A “Green budget” can thoroughly account for ecological loss and can make environmental investment more rational,which is different from the traditional budget system.In this article,from the project point of view,the adverse ecological impacts which the coastal roads (including sea-crossing bridges)brought during construction (short-term effects) and after construction (long-term effects) are emphasized.The construction of coastal roads will impact living creatures,the quality of soil and seawater,hydrology,geology,marine substrate and the health of some valuable ecosystems,such as wetland ecosystems.Furthermore,multiple principles are determined in an effort to both make the evaluation process more applicable in the future and to easily assess ecological loss in monetary terms.Then the method of expert judgment and multi-criteria analysis is adopted to calculate the net ecological loss.Lastly,it is very important and essential to put the net ecological loss into the current budget system,in order to make the present budget system more sustainable.