技术跨越的两个基本模式

Two Basic Modes of the Technological Leapfrogging

自主-技术跨越是指跨越主体基于自身的技术积累与技术创新能力,实现技术跨越。它不仅可以改变市场需求,改变市场竞争力量的对比,还有可能改写和塑造新的行业标准,创建新的“技术-经济的游戏”规则,从而占据技术与市场的主导权。自主跨越的显著优点是率先性,技术与市场开发上具有主动性。其主要风险是技术与市场的难以判定性。引进跨越是指技术跨越主体通过有选择、有步骤地引进技术,并通过反求工程而在消化-吸收之后,在引进技术的基础上实施更高层次的技术创新,而实现的技术跨越。从产业看,自主技术跨越比较适宜新兴技术产业,引进跨越模式更适合传统产业。

The independent technological leapfrogging is base on the accumulating technology and the technological innovation of the technological leapfrogging body. It not only can change the marketing demand and the balance of the competition power, but also can alter and establish the industrial criterions. It can set up the new rule of the technology - economy game,and can catch hold of the leading power of the technology - economy. The prominence characters of the independent technological leapfrogging include taking the leader and go - aheadism on the exploitation of the technology and marketing. Its main risk is difficult to judge the qualities of the technology and marketing. The introduction technological leapfrogging is carry out the higher strategy by introducing technology which has selection and procession, and by reverse - seek project which is after digesting and absorbing technology. On the industrial point, the independent technological leapfrogging suits the new industry, the introduction technological leapfrogging fits the traditional industry relatively.