城市立交桥交通噪声变化规律与影响

Changing regulations of the urban overpass traffic noise and its influence on the surrounding area

针对目前我国城市立交桥交通噪声影响的状况,环评预测结果偏差过大的问题,应用大量的环保验收实测数据,对城市立交桥交通噪声的变化规律与影响进行了分析研究。城市立交桥的交通噪声昼间变化幅度小于夜间变化幅度,一定时期的昼间噪声等效声级Ld与夜间噪声等效声级Ln的变化幅度不大于1.0dB(A),昼间噪声等效声级Ld高于夜间噪声等效声级Ln,其差值(Ld-Ln)多在2.5dB(A)之内。立交桥交通噪声主要是由大型车辆行驶噪声贡献的,车辆的行驶噪声夜间普遍高于昼间,对周围敏感点影响的噪声一楼最低,在桥路面以上六层楼的噪声最高,比桥面平层楼房平均高2.4～3.0dB(A),桥面下的楼房的噪声低于桥面平层楼噪声2～3dB(A)。其结果对于城市立交桥交通噪声的管理与治理提供相应的参考。

The present article aims to introduce the authors' analysis of the changing regularity of the urban overpass noise and its influence on the surrounding area. Considering the impact of traffic noise of the city overpass as well as the problem of heavy deviation between predicted results in EIA and the true impact and based on the measured data obtained from a lot of check-and-accept monitoring in the city overpass. This article has found that the changing level of traffic noise brought about by the city overpass is lower in day than that at night. It is less than 1.0 dB(A) between the noise level during the day (L_d)time and at night (L_n), the L_d is higher than the L_n about 2.5 dB(A). The traffic noise of the overpass mainly comes from heavy vehicles, which is higher at night than during the day in general. The impact of noise on the surroundings is least at 1 floor and most serious at 6 floor of the roadside buildings near the overpass, which is higher than the floor paralleled the road about 2.43.0 dB(A).The noise below the road is lower than that of the floor paralleled the road about 23 dB(A). Thus, the research results can serve as a very significant reference for the urban traffic noise control.