作为概念研究的哲学——维特根斯坦后期哲学观新探

A New Interpretation of Wittgenstein's Later Philosophy

后期维特根斯坦把自己的哲学规定为“概念研究”。作为概念研究的哲学对事实和概念进行了区分,并把目光投向关于这两者所作的陈述的方式,即经验命题和语法命题的概念建构。概念研究通过“语言游戏”来达到这样的目标:让语法命题与经验命题各如其所是,让物理学命题与心理学命题各如其所是,让描述性的语法命题与解释性的语法命题各如其所是,最终反对以物理学命题的表达式为标准来攻击和改造日常语言。在这个意义上,哲学“让一切如其所是”。

In his later years, Wittgenstein regards his philosophy as “conceptual study” and classifies fact and concept as well as their ways of statement, that is, the conceptual construction of empirical proposition and grammatical proposition. Through “language game”, this study aims at revealing the facts of grammatical proposition, empirical proposition, physical proposition, psychological proposition, the descriptive grammar proposition and the hermeneutic grammar proposition. It opposes using the expression of physical proposition to attack and reform of the daily language.