“人”与制度设计——从两个事例谈起

"Persons" and System Design:A Discussion Beginning with Two Cases

从制度设计与"人"的关系的角度,探讨了有关制度设计的问题。指出由于人极可能会按自己的自主行为选择来行动,因此,制度要求的行为模式与人的现实行动选择可能会发生冲突。因而,鉴于人的行为与制度运作的高度相关性,为避免因这种冲突而可能会导致的制度失灵,制度设计必须重视对"人"的考察,并将"人"的因素纳入制度设计的框架,以在人的自觉行为的带动下,实现自身的良性运作。

<Abstrcat>The question on how to design a system is discussed from the view of the relationship between the system design and 'persons'. It is pointed out that the conflict will probably rise between the behavior patterns required by a system and the tendency of personal behavior in realistic situations in that a person probably acts according to his willing choices. Therefore, to avoid invalidity of a system caused by the conflict mentioned above, the designer must pay much attention to look into 'persons', and then consider them in the process of system design, so as to make a system operate well by persons'willing behaviors,while considering that persons' behaviors are related to system operation closely.