基于夜间灯光数据的环渤海地区城市化过程

The Urbanization Model and Process in Bohai Sea Surrounding Area in the 1990s by Using DMSP/OLS Data

利用1992年、1996年和1998年的三期DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据,提取了区域尺度的环渤海地区20世纪90年代的城市群空间信息,建立了城市群地区面状、线状和点状城市化空间模式,分析了环渤海城市群地区20世纪90年代的城市化过程。基本结论如下:①20世纪90年代环渤海城市群地区城市斑块数量增长较快,城市化过程明显,但小斑块所占比重较大,城市斑块破碎度增加。同时,区域内城市重心基本维持在经度117.93o和纬度38.49o附近,整体上表现出向西北方向移动的趋势。②20世纪90年代环渤海城市群地区城市化过程基本上可以从空间上概括为在中心城市和大城市周围的面状城市化过程、沿交通干线周围的线状城市化过程和广大区域内以新兴小城市或小城镇出现为特征的点状城市化过程三种基本过程。其中,面状城市化过程一直居于优势地位,但面状城市化过程的基本有效范围主要局限在面状城市斑块周围3￣4km范围。线状城市化过程和点状城市过程所占的比例相对较小,但表现出明显的增强趋势,在区域内的影响范围正逐渐扩大。

The paper firstly derived urban information from Defense Meteorologica l Satellite Program/Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) data in 1992, 1996 an d 1998 with the support of statistical data, then developed three basic urbaniza tion models of polygon-urbanization, line-urbanization and point-urbanization in urban agglomerations from viewpoint of spatial analysis. The conclusions are as follows: (1) Urban patch numbers in the Bohai Sea surrounding area increased fr om 1659 to 2053 with the average increased number of about 66. Meanwhile, the sm all urban patches took over a large percentage in the region and the patch densi ty increased fast. In addition, the urban barycenter of the region showed the tr end to northeast from 1992 to 1998. The urbanization in the Bohai Sea surroundin g area in the 1990s is fast and obvious. (2) The urbanization in the Bohai Sea s urrounding area can be reflected by the polygon-urbanization around the big citi es, the line-urbanization around the transportation lines and the point-urbaniza tion emerging in the wide region. Of them, the polygon-urbanization was dominant . It is obvious within the 3-4 km areas surrounding the urban patches. The line- urbanization and point-urbanization in the region was relatively small, but both of them showed the obvious increasing trend.