生态环境遥感综合系列制图方法

Mapping Method of Eco-Environmental Remote Sensing Complex Series

提出生态环境遥感综合系列制图方法,采用GPS、RS、GIS相结合,在野外综合考察与遥感影像综合判读的基础上,利用GPS定位和GIS数据采集、分析与处理的方法技术,在室内先生成综合性的生态环境单元轮廓界线图,并列表记录其类型及其编码,然后自动演绎派生出生态环境类型图及各要素专题地图。全文包括三个部分:1生态环境遥感综合系列制图的科学依据与基本方法;2生态环境遥感综合系列制图的具体方法和步骤;3结论。该方法不仅保证了生态环境综合系列地图的统一协调和科学质量,而且大大加快了成图速度,使系列地图更好地反映生态环境各要素之间的相互联系,便于各地图的比较分析与综合评价,尤其为生态环境信息系统和其他地理信息系统基本单元及其数据库的建立提供了最有效的方法。

This paper proposed the method of ecological environmental remote sens ing complex series mapping based on GPS, RS, GIS, and field integrated investiga tion and remote sensing images comprehensive interpretation. According to differ ent types of ecological environment in mapping area and different characteristic s of Landsat image and its tone, field integrated investigation was conducted to analyse the characteristics of ecological environment types and geomorphology, vegetation, soil and land use of the observation point and its surrounding areas , to interpret the satellite image tones and characteristics, and to find out th e direct and indirect marks of interpretation. The first step of mapping is comp osition of the boundaries of ecological environmental unit in the seeable area, and record the ecological environmental types and coding of various elements. Af ter field integrated investigation, based on reorganization and comprehension of the mapping area, the satellite image interpretative marks were controlled and established. The geographic methods of interpolation and extension were adopted to interpret satellite image. Finally, the ecological environmental unit boundar y map was compiled for the whole mapping area. The second step concerning GIS pr ocess date and derivation with the aid of computer will automatically compose th ematic map of various elements of geomorphology, vegetation, soil, land use and ecological environmental types. This method can not only improve the quality of complex series maps, but can also quicken the map making procedure, which is als o convenience for comprehensive analysis and evaluation, especially for setting up unit and data base of geographic information system and ecological environmen tal information system.