应用初级生产力估算南海北部的渔业资源量

The fishery production from the north part of the South China Sea using the primary production method

1997～1999年对南海北部海域进行了4个季度生物资源与生态环境专项综合调查,调查范围为16°00′～23°30′N、107°00′～119°30′E的大陆架海域。本文利用调查资料,选择56种主要生物种类(占总渔获量的80%以上)作为研究对象,分别采用营养动态模型、Cushing模型和Tait沿岸海域生态系统能流模型3种方法,以季节为时间尺度,对南海北部海域的渔业资源量进行评估。结果表明,3种方法评估的渔业资源密度基本接近,以其平均值作为南海北部海域渔业资源量的评估结果。南海北部渔业资源量显示明显的季节差异,以夏季资源量最高,春季最低,春、夏、秋和冬季的资源密度平均值分别为2.4、5.0、3.2、3.7t/km2。资源量的平面分布,4个季节都呈现近岸海域资源量较高、外海资源量较低的趋势,其中北部湾、粤东、粤西和台湾浅滩海域的资源量较高,资源密度均>5t/km2,夏季最高密集区超过10t/km2。本文同时对影响渔业资源评估结果的评估参数进行了初步分析,并对南海北部渔业资源量的变化进行了比较。

The organism resource and ecology environment comprehensive survey were carried out in spring, summer, autumn and winter from 1997 to 1999. The survey waters ranged from 16°00′to 23°30′of north latitude and from 107°00′to 119°30′ of east longitude. The fishery production from the north part of the South China Sea was calculated using the nutritional dynamic models, Cushing model and Tait model, respectively, according to the survey data. 56 variaties of organisms were selected to calculate the fishery production, and the time scale was season. The result showed that the fishery productions were 12.8, 13.6 and 16.4 t/km~ 2 , respectively, using the three methods to calculate. The fishery productions from the north part of the South China Sea have seasonal variation, the highest fishery production appeared in summer and the lowest in spring. The fishery productions of spring, summer, autumn and winter were 2.4、 5.0、3.2、 3.7 t/km~ 2 , respectively. The fishery production distributions of spring, summer, autumn and winter were the same as the higher production in near shore and the lower production in open sea and ocean; the highest production appeared in Beibu Bay, the eastern and western of Gunagdong province, of which the fishery production densities are higher than 5 t/km~ 2 , the highest value higher than 10 t/km~ 2 in summer. The parameters affected the calculation of fishery production were discussed in the paper, and the fishery production results were compared.