摘要
用白色雄性家兔45只,制成15%Ⅲ度烫伤后绿脓杆菌(PA)感染模型,分为预防、治疗和对照组三组。伤后立即静脉注射头孢哌酮(CPZ)组(预防组),在伤后1周内创面结痂、干燥,免疫荧光抗体染色见 PA 仅位于焦痂浅层;而第48小时开始静脉注射 CPZ 组(治疗组),则在伤后第3、4天 PA即侵入焦痂深层肌组织。血液细菌培养阳性率和动物病死率后者明显高于前者,且与对照组结果相同。这提示严重烧(烫)伤后必须在渗出早期全身应用广谱优效的抗生素,以便在痂下细胞外液中形成抗生素保护屏障,才能有效地防止创面细菌的侵袭性感染。
45 male rabbits with 15% Ⅲ°burn were infected with Pseudomonas aerugi- nosa.They were divided into three groups:the prevention group,in which cpz (cefoperazone) was immediately administered after the scald at the dose of 25mg/kg with an interval of 1/12h for a total of 4 doses;the treatment group,in which cpz was administered 48th after the scald with the dosage same as above;control group in which cpz was not ad- ministered.The findings were as follows:In the prevention guoup,gross observation showed dessication and crustation of the surface of the wound within 1 week after the scald.By em- ploying immunofluororescent antibody it was found that P.A existed only in the superficial layer.However,ulceration and exudation were found in the control and treatment group within 3 or 4 days after the scald,and P.A was shown to have invaded the deep muscular tissue to cause intermuscular septal abscess.The positive rate of blood culture of bacteria in the prevention group (10/81) was significantly lower than that of the treatment (15/57) and the control groups (21/76,P<0.05).The death rate of the prevention group (2/15) was significantly lower than that of the treatment (10/15) and the control groups (9/15, P<0.05).The above finding showed that antibiotics specific to the infectious organism of the wound in extensive burn patients should be given in the early exudation stage in order to ward off invasive infection.
关键词
烧伤
感染
抗菌素
Burn
Antibiotics
Infection
