探讨儿童臀部药源性坐骨神经损伤及预防

Inquiry into the Child' Gluteus Maximus Medicine Source Sciatic Nerve Harm and Preventions

目的:探讨臀部结构,预防或降低儿童臀肌肉注射引起的坐骨神经损伤及肌纤维化形成。方法:以童尸下肢标本30例为基础,解剖观测臀部筋膜、肌、神经、血管。结果:梨状肌-肌腹-肌腱24例占80.0%,二肌腹一肌腱4例占13.3%,二肌腹二肌腱1例占3.3%、一肌腹二肌腱1例占3.3%,梨状肌背面肌腱:上斜型占28.6%,下斜型占32.4%,中间型占23.8%,平直型占15.2%,腹面肌腱:上斜型占37.7%,下斜型32.4%,中间型占24.0%,平直型占4.2%,双腱型占1.7%。梨状肌与坐骨神关系异常占60.5%,而变异型合成占39.5%。坐骨神经经过一肌腹一肌腱前方占82.1%。背面肌腱平均长度为1.25cm,平均宽度为0.29cm,腹面肌腱平均长度为2.41cm,宽度为0.38cm。坐骨神在臀大肌段长为(9.6±0.71)cm。结论:临床对臀部结构的熟悉,而对药源性坐骨神经损伤及肌纤维化的形成是完全可以避免的。

Objective The inquiry into the structure of gluteus maximus,prevent from or lower the child the gluteus maximus injecting the causable sciatic nerve to hurt and the fiber of muscle turn the formation.Methods The with the child the corpse legs specimen 30 example for foundation,the the anatomy prognosticates the gluteus maximus fascia,muscle,nerve,blood vessel.Results The piriformis one musc lebelly one tendon 24 the examples have 80%,the two musclebelly one tendon 4 the examples have 13.3%, the two musclebelly two tendon 1 the example have 3.3%, the one musclebelly two tendon 1 the example have 3.3%,piriformis dorsal tendon; Ascend the inclined type have 28.6%,descend the inclined type have 32.4%,the middle type have 23.8%,the straight and even type have 2%.Ventral tendon;Ascend the inclined type have 37.7%,descend the inclined type have 32.4%,the middle type have 24.0%,the straight and even type have 4.2%,a lebelly type have 1.7%.The piriformis and the sciatic nerve department abnormalities have 60.5%,but the variation type synthesizes to have 39.5%.The sciatic nerve leads a the musc lebelly a front of tendon to have 82.1%,average length of the dorsal tendon 1.25 cm, average width is 0.29 cm, average length of the ventral tendon is 2.41 cm, width 0.38 cm. The sciatic nerve is long in the segment of gluteus maximus 9.6±0.71.Conclusion The clinic is structural to the gluteus maximus of acquaint with, but hurt to the medicine source sciatic nerve and the formation that fiber of muscle turn can avoid completely.