1184例老年外科患者医院感染调查与研究

Investigation of nosocomial infection of 1184 patients of geriatric surgery

目的调查某院老年外科患者医院感染情况及危险因素.方法采用前瞻性和回顾性调查相结合的方法,查阅2000年1月1日～2004年12月31日该科60岁以上患者的病历资料,并对数据进行统计处理.结果共调查1 184例患者,发生医院感染75例,81例次,医院感染率为6.33%,例次感染率为6.84%.医院感染部位以下呼吸道居首位,占27.16%;其次为手术部位(22.22%)、上呼吸道(16.05%)和泌尿道(7.41%)等.年龄≥75岁、男性、住院时间＞10d、手术及全麻患者医院感染率增高(均P＜0.01).结论老年外科患者,特别是手术患者是医院感染的高危人群;高龄、性别、住院时间、侵入性诊疗、麻醉方式等,都是引起医院感染的危险因素,在监测时应高度重视.

[Objective] To estimate the nosocomial infection(NI) and risk factors of geriatric surgical patients. [Method] 1184 senile patients who were hospitalized from January 2001 to December 2004 were studied by prospective and retrospective methods. [Results] Seventy-five of 1 184(6.33%) patients developed NI, the NI case rate was 6.84%. The most common infection site was lower respiratory tract (27.16%), then the surgical incision (22.22%), the upper respiratory tract (16.05%) and the urinary track (7.41%). NI were high in patients who were older than 75 years age, male, hospitalization longer than 10 days and those who had been operated or performed general anesthesia. [Conclusions] Patients of geriatric surgery, especially those who have been operated easily developed NI. Old age, sex, hospitalization time, invasive operation and anesthesia are important risk factors.