“对话”与“代言”:“三吏”、“三别”的两种叙事形态

Discourse and Speaking for Others: Two Narrative Patterns in Du Fu's "Sanli" and "Sanbie"

杜甫在“三吏”、“三别”中是以诗人的眼光而不是以史官的眼光来叙事的。“三吏”、“三别”分别给古代叙事诗提供了“对话”、“代言”两种叙事形态,形象地表明了杜甫的叙事立场和情感态度。“三吏”、“三别”虽以“时事”入诗,但其所叙之“时事”经过“意化”已经有不同程度的“增饰”和“凿空”。将诗与史打通的跨学科研究,应是将两者置于一定的社会文化生态环境中,探讨诗与史之间的相关性的研究,而不应是诗与史“互相印证”的研究。

In 'Sanli' and 'Sanbie',Du Fu narrates on the standpoint of a poet rather than of a historiographer.'Sanli' and 'Sanbie' provided the ancient narrative poems with two narrative patterns-discourse and speaking for others,and vividly demonstrated the author's standpoint,attitude and feelings.To some extent,those happening event depicted in the poems were polished and fabricated.As a result,put in certain cultural environment,the cross-disciplinary study between the poems and the history should centre on their coherent influence rather than on confirming with each other.