中国沙尘暴月际时空特征及沙尘的远程传输

Monthly temporal-spatial character of sandstorms and long-distance dust transport in China.

近40年(1961～2000年)中国沙尘暴月际时空分布特征表明。中国沙尘暴主要发生在青藏高原和北方干旱半干旱地区．从近40年沙尘暴月平均发生频率看。12～3月份，沙尘暴发生中心集中在青藏高原上。随时间推移。沙尘暴中心向北移动；4～6月份主要集中在北方的干旱半干旱地区，中国大陆尤其是青藏高原沙尘暴的月际时空特征表明，它同高空西风急流的位置密切相关。沙尘暴中心从冬到春随西风急流的摆动而由南向北移动。500hPa西风急流是沙尘远程传输的主要动力．

The monthly spatial-temporal distribution character of sandstorms in late 40 years (1961~2000) in China showed that the sandstorms occurred mainly in Tibetan Plateau and the arid and semi-arid areas in northern China. View the monthly average occurring frequency in these years, the center of sandstorms occurrence was in the Tibetan Plateau and moved to north with time from December to March; and in arid and semi-arid areas in northern China from April to June. The monthly temporal-spatial character of sandstorm in China mainland especially Tibet Plateau showed that it was related closely with the position of high atmosphere westerly jet. The sandstorms center moved from the south to north with swaying of the westerly jet flow from winter to spring. The major power of long-distance dust transport was the westerly jet flow of 500hPa.