风险技术的社会控制

The Social Control of Risk Technology

高新技术被人们称为“朝阳工业”,然而,高新技术同时也是高风险的技术。尽管作为日常经验常规化的传统技术也有其潜在的风险,但现代技术产生社会风险的机制和水平发生了根本性的变化。它主要包括两类风险,即技术开发的风险和技术应用的风险,二者给社会带来的结果是不同的。技术评价是技术完善的基础和降低实施风险的前提,技术预见对于技术风险的管理具有指导意义。建立符合风险社会要求的新机制,应该充分考虑人们的主观认知因素以及社会文化的价值理念,而不能以简单的因果思维或工程思维来进行决策。

High-tech is known as the rising sun industry. However, it is also a kind of technology taking on high risk. Great changes have taken place in the mechanism and level of risk brought by modern technology. With the acceleration of socialization, risk has become the internal property of technology instead of exterior quality. Technology estimation constitutes the foundation of consummating technology and the precondition of reducing risk. Technology forecast is significant to the risk regulation. The essential difference between traditional risk and modern risk calls for new governing system which considers fully the value conception in social culture.