中国城乡居民膳食营养素摄入状况及变化趋势

THE STATUS AND TRENDS OF DIETARY NUTRIENTS INTAKE OF CHINESE POPULATION

目的:描述中国城乡居民膳食营养素摄入状况及变化趋势。方法:采用连续3d24h回顾法的食物记录数据及“称重法”记录的家庭调味品消费量数据,分析居民营养素摄入量。结果:全国23470户,68962人的膳食调查结果显示:我国居民每标准人日能量平均摄入量为9.42MJ(2250.5kcal),蛋白质65.9g,脂肪76.2g,视黄醇当量469.2μg,核黄素0.8mg,抗坏血酸88.4mg,钙388.8mg,铁23.2mg,锌11.3mg。结论:我国城乡居民理论得到保障,膳食质量有所提高,钙、视黄醇、抗坏血酸等营养素摄入不足仍是膳食中的主要问题。城乡差别明显,农村居民膳食质量亟待提高。

Objective: To describe the status and trends of dietary nutrients intake of Chinese residents. Method: The 24-hour dietary recall method for 3 consecutive days was used to collect food intake information, except for the condiment intake, which was collected by weighting method, and the dietary nutrients intake was analyzed. Results: 23 470 households including 68 962 subjects were included. The average nutrients intake per reference man per day of Chinese people was energy 9.42 MJ(2 250. 5 kcal),protein 65.9 g, fat 76.2 g, retinol equivalent 469.2 μg, riboflavin 0.8mg, ascorbic acid 88.4mg, calcium 388.8mg, iron 23.2mg, zinc 11.3mg respectively. Conclusion: The dietary quality of Chinese residents was improved, but the main dietary problems still exist, such as the deficiency of calcium, retinol and ascorbic acid etc. There is significant difference between the urban and rural area, and the dietary quality among rural people should be improved.