坡位对水曲柳及胡桃楸生长的影响

Influence of Slope on the Growth of Fraxinus mandshurica Rup. and Juglans manshurica Maxim. Plantations

通过野外调查的方法对17年生水曲柳和胡桃楸纯林不同坡位土壤含水量和土壤温度的变化、水曲柳纯林乔木树种的组成及水曲柳和胡桃楸的生长状况进行了研究,同时对影响水曲柳和胡桃楸生长的立地因子进行了分析。结果表明:随着坡位由上到下的变化,水曲柳和胡桃楸林分的土壤含水量均呈增加趋势,土壤温度均呈减小趋势;水曲柳林分上坡位的乔木物种数量和种类明显高于中、下坡位;随着坡位由上到下的变化,水曲柳在树高和胸径方面表现出增加的趋势,胡桃楸在中坡位的长势明显好于上坡位和下坡位;综合土壤温度、土壤含水率、林内乔木树种组成以及树木长势来看,水曲柳适合生长在土壤温度较低、含水率偏高的下坡位,而胡桃楸适合生长在土壤温度较高、含水率偏低的中坡位。

The investigation was carried out on 17-year-old plantations of Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. and Juglans manshurica Maxim. in Maoershan Experimental Station of Northeast Forestry University. Soil moisture content and soil temperature of different slopes, composition of arborous layer, tree height, and DBH were measured and the site factors of influencing the growth of Fraxinus mandshurica and Juglans manshurica were analyzed. The results showed that the soil moisture was higher on the down-slope site than on the middle-or up-slope sites, and the soil temperature was higher on the up-slope site than on the middle-or down-slope sites. The amount of arbor species on up-slope site of Fraxinus mandshurica was higher than that on the middle-or down-slope. The growth of Fraxinus mandshurica was better on the down-or middle-slope sites than on the up-slope site. But in Juglans manshurica plantation, the growth of Juglans manshurica was better on the middle-slope site than on the down-or up-slope sites. All changes of soil moisture, soil temperature, arbor composition and the growth of trees on different slopes showed that Fraxinus mandshurica should be planted on the down-slope site with lower soil temperature and higher soil moisture, while Juglans manshurica on the up-slope site with higher soil temperature and lower soil moisture.