噪声对海航飞行员心血管和神经系统的影响

The Influence of Noise on the Cardiovascular and Neural Systems of Naval Pilots

目的探讨噪声对飞行员心血管和神经系统的影响。方法选择飞行时间800h以上,年龄在30～48岁,噪声强度≥90dB(A)的飞行员187名为观察组,另选同系统的年龄在30～47岁,不接触噪声的地面干部96名为对照组,比较两组高血压、异常心电图、神经衰弱的检出率。结果观察组心电图异常率为24.6%、神经衰弱为19.3%、高血压为8.6%明显高于对照组的8.3%,9.4%,5.2%(P均<0.01)。异常心电图中观察组窦缓、窦性心律不齐和STT改变分别为12.3%,9.6%,4.8%明显高于对照组的4.2%,5.6%,3.1%(P均<0.01)。结论提示长期受噪声影响可引起心血管系统损害及大脑皮质功能紊乱。

Objective To investigate into the influence of noise on the cardiovascular and neural systems of pilots. Methods The 187 pilots older than 30~48 years of age, whose flying time was over 800 hours and flying noise was equal to or more than 90 dB, were enrolled into observing group. Control group consisted of 96 officers of 30~47 years old, who did not work in noise environment. The positive rates of hypertension, abnormal electrocardiogram and neurasthenia were compared between the two groups. Results In the observing group, the positive rates of hypertension, abnormal electrocardiogram and neurasthenia were respectively 8.6%, 24.6% and 19.3%, significantly higher than that (5.2%, 8.3% and 9.4%, respectively) of the control group (P<0.1). Among the abnormal electrocardiograms, the positive rates of sinus bradycardia, sinus irregularity and ST-T changes of the observing group were respectively 12.3%, 9.6% and 4.8%, significantly higher than that (4.2%, 5.6% and 3.1%, respectively) of the control group (P<0.01).Conclusion Those who are influenced by noise are inclined to suffer from cardiavascular system's disorders and functional imbalance of cerebral cortex.