献血自评量表初步编制及在无偿献血中的应用

Primary Compilation of Self-evaluation Questionnaires and Its Application to Volunteer Blood Donation

目的设计编制一套全面及适合国情的无偿献血行为自评量表,为献血研究提供工具。方法根据无偿献血中取得的经验及相关数据,参照文献,筛选出20个题目(含献血认知、献血前情绪、献血感知3个因子)。调查参加无偿献血的部队官兵及高校学生117例,取得各条目及因子评分等相关数据,并对首次及2次以上献血进行比较。结果发放量表120份,回收率100%,有效率97.5%。两次以上献血27例(A组),首次献血90例(B组)。两组总粗分、总均分、标准分、标准均分及Ⅱ,Ⅲ因子总粗分、总均分均有非常显著差异(P<0.01)。结论自评量表的编制可对献血者心理状况进行评估分析,并为无偿献血筛选血源及心理咨询等提供参考。

Objective To provide a tool to the study of blood donation.Methods Twenty items belonging to three factors (cognition and perception of donation, emotion before donation) were screened from the data of the volunteer blood donation experiences, and from the foreign references. The survey was performed via self-evaluation questionnaires among 117 soldiers and undergraduates who entered for volunteer blood donation so that the scores of various items and factors could be gained, and the data were compared between the two groups of those who had taken part in the volunteer blood donation for the first and the second time. Results All the eligible questionnaires were returned. There were respectively 27 volunteers (group A) who had donated blood more than twice, and 90 (group B) ones who had donated just once. Significant difference existed in total gross score, total mean score, standard score, standard mean score, and total gross score and mean score of factor Ⅱ and Ⅲ.Conclusion The compilation of self-evaluation questionnaire can be applied to the evaluation and analysis of mental states of blood donors, and provide reference to the screening of blood sources and to psychological counseling.