自然主义与左拉的创作

Naturslism and Zola's Creation

自然主义作为一种新的文学思潮于19世纪末出现于法国,为自然主义奠定思想基础的是艺术理论家泰纳。泰纳接受了哲学上孔德的实证论,提出种族、环境、时代三个要素决定文艺创作的理论。左拉接受了泰纳的观点,提出了自己的自然主义理论,并用丰厚的创作实践体察力行。其理论与创作实践存在大量相一致的地方,也存在某种细微的不相一致的地方。

Naturalism, as a new literary tend, appeared in France at the end of 19th century. Thaina, a artistic theorist, set the ideological basis of the naturalism. Thaina accepted Konld's positivism on philosophy, and he advanced race, environment and times which were the basic elements of artistic creative theroy. Zola took Thaina's viewpoint, and he advanced naturalistic theory of his own. He also did a lot of creative practice . So there are not only many things in common between the theory and creative practice, but also slight differences.